Jam al-Sabaik li-Ahkam al-Manasik
- Author died
- -
- Editions
- Maktabat Makkah
Jam al-Sabaik li-Ahkam al-Manasik (The Gathering of Ingots for the Rulings of Pilgrimage Rituals) is a contemporary jurisprudence treatise on the rites of Hajj and Umrah by Muhammad ibn Ali Halawa.
Background and Purpose
Halawa compiled the treatise to serve as an authoritative guide for pilgrims and a foundational reference for students of Islamic law, seeking to address widespread unfamiliarity with the legal rulings, prophetic traditions, and etiquettes governing the pilgrimage. The work features an introductory foreword by Mustafa ibn al-Adawi (dated 2 Ramadan 1442 AH / April 2021 CE), commending the author's hadith-based approach and referencing his other legal treatises covering ritual purity (tahara), fasting (siyam), and obligatory charity (zakah).
Method and Sources
The author adopts a comparative jurisprudential method centered on textual verification and evidential preference (tarjih):
- Scholarly Consensus (Ijma): When dealing with issues where consensus has been claimed, he documents the transmission from accredited sources and examines whether the consensus remains undisputed or is contested.
- Disputed Rulings (Ikhtilaf): In matters of legal disagreement, he presents the various positions and their proponents—with particular attention to the four Sunni legal schools—alongside their proofs from the Quran and the prophetic Sunnah.
- Hadith Criticism: He restricts legal proof to authentic prophetic reports and narrations from the Companions and Successors, citing weak traditions only to demonstrate their defectiveness or rebut arguments founded upon them.
- Contemporary Questions (Nawazil): For modern situations where no early transmitted opinions exist, he incorporates the fatwas and evaluations of contemporary scholars.
Structure and Contents
The book is arranged into twenty-three chapters (abwab) following the chronological order of the pilgrimage:
- Chapter 1: Introduction to Hajj
- Chapter 2: Conditions of Hajj
- Chapter 3: Etiquettes of travel
- Chapter 4: The designated spatial boundaries (mawaqit)
- Chapter 5: The three types of pilgrimage rites (al-ansak al-thalathah)
- Chapter 6: The state of ritual consecration (ihram)
- Chapter 7: Entering Mecca
- Chapter 8: Circumambulation of the Kaaba (tawaf)
- Chapter 9: Traversing between Safa and Marwah (sa'y)
- Chapters 10–12: The rites of the Day of Tarwiyah, the Day of Arafah, and Muzdalifah
- Chapters 13–18: The rituals of the Day of Sacrifice (Yawm al-Nahr), comprising the stoning of Jamrat al-Aqaba, shaving or trimming hair, the obligation circumambulation (tawaf al-ifadah), the sacrificial animal (al-hady), and exiting consecration (al-tahallul)
- Chapters 19–20: The rites of the Days of Tashriq, including overnight stays in Mina and stoning the pillars (ramy al-jimar)
- Chapter 21: The farewell circumambulation (tawaf al-wada')
- Chapter 22: Contemporary pilgrimage issues (nawazil al-hajj)
- Chapter 23: Rulings exclusive to Umrah
Answer updated