al-Thalith min al-Khulaiyat
- Author died
- 492 AH
- Editions
- Manuscript published in the free Jawāmi‘ al-Kalim software affiliated with the Islamweb website
al-Thalith min al-Khulaiyat (The Third Part of al-Khula‘iyyat) is a hadith fascicle from the twenty-part collection of elevated narrations transmitted by the Shafi'i jurist and traditionist Abu al-Hasan al-Khila'i (405–492 AH / 1014–1099 CE) .
Compilation and Transmission
The collection to which the fascicle belongs is formally entitled al-Fawa'id al-muntaqat al-hisan al-sihah wa-l-ghara'ib (and also cited as al-Fawa'id al-muntaqat al-ghara'ib wa-l-'awali) . The hadiths were selected and arranged (takhrij) by Abu Nasr Ahmad ibn al-Hasan ibn al-Husayn al-Shirazi (also cited as al-Sawwari) from the transmissions and audition records of al-Khila'i, who served as the leading authority of isnad transmission in Egypt (musnid al-Diyar al-Misriyya) .
The principal transmitter of the third part from al-Khila'i was Abu Muhammad 'Abd Allah ibn Rifa'a ibn Ghadir al-Sa'di (d. 543 AH), from whom it was read and transmitted by Abu 'Ali Muhammad ibn As'ad al-Husayni al-Nassaba at the Old Mosque (Amr ibn al-As Mosque) in Egypt . The work was preserved through established chains of audition and transmission across subsequent centuries, being studied and cited by leading hadith scholars including Abu Sadiq al-Hasan ibn Yahya ibn Sabah, Salah al-Din al-'Ala'i, Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani, and Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti . Scholars noted the collection for containing some of the most elevated ('ali) chains of transmission surviving among Egyptian narrators .
Contents and Themes
The third fascicle comprises prophetic hadiths recorded with full chains linking al-Khila'i to classical authorities such as Sufyan ibn 'Uyayna, Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri, and Shu'ba ibn al-Hajjaj . al-Khila'i received these narrations directly from his teachers in Egypt and Mecca, including Abu Muhammad 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Umar al-Nahhas (al-Bazzaz), Abu al-'Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hajj al-Ishbili, and Abu Sa'd Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Malini .
The traditions in this part predominantly focus on the legal rulings and etiquette of ritual prayer (salah), including:
- Prescribing tasbih ( سبحان الله ) for men and clapping for women to alert the imam when an issue occurs in prayer .
- Women attending the dawn prayer (Fajr) wrapped in garments before departing unrecognized in the morning twilight .
- Walking with serenity and composure (sakinah) when approaching congregational prayer rather than rushing .
- Remaining seated until the imam appears when the prayer call (iqamah) is made .
- The impermissibility of initiating voluntary prayers once the obligatory prayer has been called .
- Descriptions of the Prophet's ﷺ bodily movements during prayer, including the raising of hands (raf' al-yadayn) and the final greetings (taslim) to the right and left .
- Performing two units of prayer upon entering the mosque (tahiyyat al-masjid) prior to sitting .
- Warnings against preceding the imam in bowing or prostration .
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