al-Tabyin li-Dawat al-Marda wal-Musabin
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- Maṭābi‘ Aḍwā’ al-Muntadā
al-Tabyin li-Dawat al-Marda wal-Musabin (Clarification of Supplications for the Sick and Afflicted) is a concise treatise on Islamic invocations, supplications, and spiritual incantations (al-ruqyah al-shar'iyyah) for illness and distress, compiled by Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr.
Background and Purpose
The author excerpted the material in the booklet from his larger work Fiqh al-Ad'iyah wal-Adhkar (Understanding Supplications and Invocations). He compiled and published it as an independent tract upon the suggestion of peers who sought to make the specific guidance concerning the sick, the afflicted, legitimate incantations, and visiting the ill widely accessible.
Contents and Structure
The work is organized into thematic sections centered on prophetic traditions and supplications:
- Invocations for Incantation (Ma yurqa bihi al-marid): Explains legitimate formulas used for healing the sick, highlighting Surat al-Fatihah and the Mu'awwidhat (Surat al-Ikhlas, Surat al-Falaq, and Surat al-Nas), placing the hand on the site of pain while seeking refuge in Allah, and prophetic invocations such as the incantation recited by Gabriel over the Prophet ﷺ.
- Protection against Magic, the Evil Eye, and Envy (al-Ta'awwudh min al-sihr wal-'ayn wal-hasad): Outlines ten protective measures summarized by Ibn al-Qayyim to repel the harm of sorcery, envy, and the evil eye, including seeking refuge in Allah, maintaining piety, exercising patience, relying upon God (tawakkul), purifying the heart from dwelling on the aggressor, sincere repentance, charity, responding with kindness, and realizing pure monotheism (tawhid).
- Invocations when Visiting the Sick (Ma yuqalu lil-marid): Discusses the virtues and etiquette of visiting the ill, comforting them, reminding them that illness expiates sins, and reciting specific transmitted prayers for their recovery.
- Invocations for Severe Distress (Adhkar al-karb): Collects prophetic supplications for times of anguish and distress, illustrating how monotheism serves as the primary refuge and remedy for anxiety and hardship.
- Supplications for Anxiety, Sorrow, and Grief (Du'a al-ghamm wal-hamm wal-huzn): Distinguishes between grief regarding past events (huzn), anxiety concerning the future (hamm), and distress over the present (ghamm). It analyzes the hadith of Abdullah ibn Mas'ud regarding the removal of sorrow through servitude to God, submission to His decree, supplication by His divine names, and attachment to the Quran.
- Supplications upon Calamity (Ma yaqulu idha asabathu musibah): Discusses the reality of earthly trials, the virtue of patience, and the statement of istirja' ( إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ , "Indeed we belong to Allah, and indeed to Him we will return"), emphasizing that understanding the meanings of these phrases is essential for attaining their spiritual benefits.
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