al-Rawd al-Murabba Sharh Zad al-Mustaqni
- Author died
- 1051 AH
- Editions
- T al-Muayyad wa al-Risala
al-Rawd al-Murabba Sharh Zad al-Mustaqni (The Flourishing Meadow: Commentary on the Provision of the Satisfied) is a seminal late Hanbali legal commentary written by the Egyptian scholar Mansur ibn Yunus al-Bahuti (d. 1051 AH / 1641 CE) on the primer Zad al-Mustaqni fi Ikhtisar al-Muqni by Musa ibn Ahmad al-Hajjawi (d. 968 AH / 1560 CE) . A Paris manuscript records its title as al-Rawd al-Mushbi fi Hall Alfaz Mukhtasar al-Muqni .
Method and Scope
The work is composed as an interwoven commentary (sharh mazji), fusing the text of al-Hajjawi's primer—itself an abridgment of al-Muqni by Muwaffaq al-Din Ibn Qudama (d. 620 AH)—with al-Bahuti's explanatory prose into a single continuous reading . Al-Bahuti follows the method of the original text by adhering to the single relied-upon (rajih) position of the Hanbali school, refraining from citing internal differences of opinion except on rare occasions where divergence is notably strong .
Throughout the commentary, al-Bahuti clarifies succinct phrasings, supplies requisite conditions, exceptions, and qualifiers omitted from the base text, and supplements the chapters with practical legal branches (furu') . He substantiates rulings with textual proofs (tadlil) from the Quran and the Sunnah, legal rationales (ta'lil), and analogical reasoning, while pointing out instances where the primer's choices diverged from the authoritative school consensus .
Standing and Supercommentaries
The commentary gained widespread acceptance across Hanbali circles, particularly in Najd, and became the standard textbook for intermediate study and instruction in Saudi colleges of Sharia and study circles . Numerous scholars composed glosses (hawashi) and marginalia on it, including:
- Hashiyat Ibn Fayruz by Abd al-Wahhab ibn Muhammad ibn Fayruz (d. 1205 AH), written in his youth, which reached up to the chapter on partnerships (Bab al-Sharika) .
- Hashiyat Aba Butayn by Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Rahman Aba Butayn (d. 1282 AH), collected from his oral lessons and marginal notes .
- Hashiyat Ibn Badran by Abd al-Qadir ibn Badran (d. 1346 AH) .
- Hashiyat Ibn Duwayyan by Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Duwayyan (d. 1353 AH) .
- Hashiyat al-Anqari by Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Aziz al-Anqari (d. 1373 AH), compiled by his student Muhammad ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Khayyal and reviewed by al-Anqari .
- al-Marta al-Mushbi (also called al-Rawd al-Murabba al-Mushbi) by Faysal ibn Abd al-Aziz Al Mubarak (d. 1376 AH), comprising comments on 350 passages of the text across four volumes .
- Hashiyat Ibn Qasim by Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn Qasim (d. 1392 AH), a comprehensive seven-volume commentary .
Additionally, Abd al-Rahman ibn Nasir al-Sa'di (d. 1376 AH) authored al-Mukhtarat al-Jaliyyah min al-Masa'il al-Fiqhiyyah, extracting issues directly from the work to articulate legal preferences where he deemed the textual evidence diverged from the school's relied-upon position .
Publication History
The text has been printed in multiple standalone and glossed editions. Early printings include an edition published in Damascus funded and corrected by Muhammad Tawfiq al-Suyuti in 1305 AH, an edition in Cairo at al-Matba'a al-Khayriyya printed in the margins of Nayl al-Ma'arib in 1342 AH (1924 CE), and a Cairo edition at al-Matba'a al-Salafiyya corrected by Muhibb al-Din al-Khatib in 1348 AH (1930 CE) . An edition in two parts within one volume was revised and corrected by Ahmad Muhammad Shakir and Ali Muhammad Shakir at Dar al-Ma'arif in Egypt . The seven-volume edition with Ibn Qasim's gloss was published between 1397 and 1400 AH under the editorial supervision of Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Jibrin and the author's son, Sa'd ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Qasim .
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