al-Qunut
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- al-Qunut
al-Qunut (also published under the title Ahkam al-Qunut: Qunut al-Hajah wa-al-Nazilah – Qunut Ramadan) is a legal treatise authored by Adnan al-Arur (Adnan ibn Muhammad Al Ar'ur) that examines the jurisprudence, occasions, and rulings governing qunut (standing supplication) in Islamic ritual prayer.
Publication and Scope
The treatise was published by Dar al-Rayah in Riyadh, with its first edition issued in 1413 AH (1993 CE). It addresses the legal classification and applications of qunut, covering its practice during regular prayers, night prayers in Ramadan, and times of communal calamity or need.
Content and Legal Positions
The work discusses both the linguistic and technical meanings of qunut, noting that while the term carries various meanings—such as obedience (ta'ah), humility (khushu'), submissiveness (khudu'), supplication (du'a), and prolonged standing (tul al-qiyam)—it primarily signifies continuous obedience, and specifically refers to supplication recited while standing in prayer.
Regarding its legal application, the treatise outlines several key rulings:
- Prescribed Instances: Qunut is legislated during times of crisis and severe afflictions (al-nawazil), for matters concerning the general welfare of Muslims or warding off harm from them, as well as in the witr prayer and the voluntary night prayers of Ramadan (qiyam Ramadan).
- The Five Daily Prayers: During times of calamity, qunut is permissible across all five obligatory daily prayers, including both the silent and audible recitations, with preference given to the dawn (fajr) and sunset (maghrib) prayers, and with strongest emphasis placed on fajr, depending on the nature of the calamity and the necessity.
- Perpetual Dawn Qunut: The work classifies the practice of reciting qunut permanently and habitually in the fajr prayer without an underlying calamity as an unfounded innovation (bid'ah muhdathah).
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