al-Mughith bi Adillat al-Mawarith
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- al-Mughith bi Adillat al-Mawarith
al-Mughith bi Adillat al-Mawarith (The Succor with the Evidences of Inheritance) is a contemporary primer on the Islamic law of inheritance (fara'id) compiled by the Saudi scholar and preacher Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Amari.
Background and Purpose
The treatise was designated as the first text in the author's "Series of Primers for Beginners" (Silsilat Mutun al-Mubtadi'in) in the field of inheritance. In his introduction, al-Amari—a member of the Da'wah and Guidance division in the Saudi Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Endowments, Da'wah, and Guidance—stated that he composed the work rapidly while residing away from specialists in the field.
Structure and Content
The work is organized into thematic sections (kutub and abwab) that outline the fundamental legal concepts of inheritance and ground them in scriptural proofs from the Quran and prophetic hadith:
- Definitions, Pillars, and Conditions: Defines inheritance (irth) linguistically and legally, its three foundational pillars (the deceased legator, the surviving heir, and the estate), and its legal prerequisites, such as establishing the death of the legator, the survival of the heir, and knowledge of the ground of inheritance.
- Categories of Inheritance: Cites verses from al-Rahbi's didactic poem (al-Rahbiyyah) to classify the designated legal shares (fara'id) and outlines the avenues of inheritance, including fixed statutory shares (fard), agnatic kinship (ta'sib bi-l-nasab), clientage (wala'), reversion of residual shares (radd), uterine relatives (dhawu al-arham), and the public treasury (bayt al-mal).
- The Heirs: Systematizes the legal definitions and entitlements of individual heirs (al-warithun), citing the relevant Quranic verses and canonical hadith reports.
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