al-Majmu al-Thamin fi Hukm Dua Ghayr Rabb al-Alamin
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- al-Majmu al-Thamin fi Hukm Dua Ghayr Rabb al-Alamin
al-Majmūʿ al-Thamīn fī Ḥukm Duʿāʾ Ghayr Rabb al-ʿĀlamīn (The Precious Compendium on the Ruling of Supplicating Other than the Lord of the Worlds) is a theological compilation compiled and prepared by Dr. Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Maqshī .
Subject and Purpose
The work compiles numerous textual citations extracted from the statements of prominent scholars and leading authorities across the four Sunni legal schools and other traditions . Its subject focuses on the theological and legal ruling of supplicating other than God, seeking relief (istighāthah) in times of distress from deceased prophets, saints (awliyāʾ), and the righteous, turning to them, and petitioning them for needs instead of God .
The author adapted the wording of his opening preface from the introduction to Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl al-Amīr al-Ṣanʿānī's (d. 1182 AH) treatise Taṭhīr al-Iʿtiqād ʿan Adrān al-Ilḥād .
Methodology and Sources
In assembling the quotes, al-Maqshī restricted his role to gathering the texts and providing their source attributions, leaving the readers to evaluate the evidence themselves regarding the practice of supplicating others for the fulfillment of needs and relief from distress .
The compilation incorporates statements from scholars representing various theological schools:
- Scholars following the creed of the early generations (Salaf) and the traditionists (Ahl al-Ḥadīth) .
- Scholars belonging to the Ashʿarī school .
- Scholars belonging to the Māturīdī school .
Al-Maqshī noted that some of the quoted authorities permitted seeking intercession through the status or person (tawassul) of prophets and righteous figures, yet they explicitly drew a distinction between tawassul and istighāthah (invoking them for direct relief) .
Additionally, the author deliberately excluded quotations from Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb and his followers among the scholars of the Najdi tradition . He explained that this omission was intended to counter the common misconception that addressing this theological issue was an innovation originated by them without historical precedence .
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