al-Diya al-Shariq fi Radd Shubuhat al-Madhiq al-Mariq
- Author died
- 1349 AH
- Editions
- General Presidency of Scholarly Research and Ifta
al-Diya al-Shariq fi Radd Shubuhat al-Madhiq al-Mariq (The Shining Radiance in Refuting the Doubts of the Deviant Traitor) is a theological treatise written by the Najdi Hanbali scholar Sulayman bin Sahman (1266/1268–1349 AH / c. 1852–1930 CE) . The book is a polemical defense of the Salafi reform movement and its founder, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, against contemporary theological and historical criticisms .
Context and Purpose
Bin Sahman authored the work in direct response to the Iraqi poet and writer Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi (1279–1354 AH) and his polemical treatise al-Fajr al-Sadiq fi al-Radd 'ala Munkiri al-Tawassul wa-al-Karamat wa-al-Khawariq (The True Dawn in Refuting the Deniers of Intercession, Saintly Miracles, and Anomalies) . Bin Sahman states in his introduction that he composed the book after reading al-Zahawi's printed treatise, which he characterized as relying on falsehoods, distortions, and philosophical sophistry rather than the clear proofs of the Quran and the Sunnah .
Content and Method
The work encompasses theological, historical, and political discussions aimed at vindicating the Najdi reform movement and dismantling al-Zahawi's arguments :
- Refutation of Historical and Personal Allegations: Bin Sahman repudiates claims advanced by al-Zahawi regarding Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, such as the allegation that he harbored secret ambitions of claiming prophethood or that he rejected the prophetic hadith tradition in favor of his own interpretations . Bin Sahman counters by demonstrating Ibn Abd al-Wahhab's reliance on classical exegeses, such as those of al-Tabari and Ibn Kathir, and authoritative hadith commentaries .
- Creed and Doctrinal Issues: The treatise systematically addresses disputed theological practices, defending Salafi stances on monotheism (tawhid), lawful versus prohibited forms of intercession (tawassul and shafa'ah), and the boundaries of saintly miracles (karamat) .
In addition to this prose refutation, Bin Sahman challenged al-Zahawi in poetic verse within his diwan Uqud al-Jawahir al-Munaddadah al-Hisan .
Title and Publication History
The word al-Madhiq (الماذق, with a dhal) in the title denotes insincerity or hypocrisy, whereas in some editions it was printed as al-Maziq (المازق, with a zay) . The book has been published in multiple printings:
- First edition: An undated lithograph produced at al-Matba'ah al-Mustafawiyyah in Bombay, India, published alongside another of the author's treatises, al-Asinnah al-Hidad fi Radd Shubuhat Alawi Haddad, through the initiative of Abd al-Muhsin ibn Muhammad ibn Murshid .
- Second edition: Printed in Cairo by Matba'at al-Manar under Muhammad Rashid Rida in 1344 AH, funded by King Abd al-Aziz Al Saud (where the title read al-Maziq) .
- Third edition: Printed in Riyadh at Matba'at al-Riyad in 1376 AH, funded by King Saud ibn Abd al-Aziz .
- Later editions: A critical edition prepared by Abd al-Salam ibn Barjas Al Abd al-Karim based on a collation of the earlier prints with the Indian lithograph as its base text, which underwent multiple print runs, including a fourth edition in 1412 AH / 1992 CE and a fifth edition in 1414 AH published by the General Presidency of Scholarly Research and Ifta in Riyadh .
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