Ahadith al-Qiraa al-Warida fi Salati al-Zuhr wa al-Asr
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- Islamic University of Madinah
Ahadith al-Qira'ah al-Waridah fi Salati al-Zuhr wa-al-'Asr (Hadiths on Recitation Reported Concerning the Zuhr and Asr Prayers) is a hadith study by Ibrahim al-Ubayd that examines the prophetic traditions regarding the Quranic recitation in the midday (Zuhr), afternoon (Asr), and Friday (Jumu'ah) prayers .
Structure and Method
The treatise comprises an introduction, two primary sections, and a conclusion :
- First Section: Narrations concerning recitation in the Zuhr and Asr prayers . The author combined these two prayers into a single section because the majority of prophetic reports address them together .
- Second Section: Narrations concerning recitation in the Friday prayer .
- Conclusion: A synthesis of the principal findings and rulings derived from the examined reports .
In compiling the work, the author gathered hadiths from major sunnah collections, documented their chains of transmission (takhrij), and evaluated their authenticity according to the principles of hadith criticism . For reports found in Sahih al-Bukhari or Sahih Muslim (or both), he limited his documentation to citing them along with any of the remaining six canonical collections that included the report . For reports outside the two Sahihs, he extracted narrations from other compendia, including sahih works, musnads, sunans, dictionaries (ma'ajim), and zawa'id literature .
Findings
The author reached several conclusions regarding the narrations and their legal implications:
- Number of Narrations: The author identified twenty-two hadiths concerning recitation in the Zuhr and Asr prayers, of which thirteen are authenticated (thabit) . For the Friday prayer, he gathered seven hadiths, authenticating four .
- Length of Recitation in Zuhr: The Prophet ﷺ lengthened recitation during the Zuhr prayer—though less than in the dawn prayer (Fajr)—to approximately thirty verses, comparable to the length of Surah al-Sajdah, in the first two rak'ahs . He also occasionally prolonged the first rak'ah more than the second . Instances where he shortened the recitation in Zuhr are interpreted as being due to an extenuating circumstance or to demonstrate permissibility .
- Recitation in Asr and the Remaining Rak'ahs: The length of recitation in the Asr prayer was approximately half that of the Zuhr prayer when the latter was prolonged . Similarly, the recitation in the final two rak'ahs of Zuhr and the first two rak'ahs of Asr was roughly half the length of the first two rak'ahs of Zuhr .
- Recitation in Jumu'ah: Established narrations indicate that during the Friday prayer, the Prophet ﷺ recited Surah al-Jumu'ah and Surah al-Munafiqun, or Surah al-A'la and Surah al-Ghashiyah, or Surah al-Jumu'ah and Surah al-Ghashiyah .
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