Muhammad bin Abdullah Al Husayn
- Died
- 1381 AH
- Born in
- -
Muhammad bin Abdullah Al Husayn (1308–1381 AH / 1891–1961 CE) was a Saudi Hanbali jurist and judge from the Qassim region, best known for his jurisprudential work al-Zawaid ala Zad al-Mustaqni .
Lineage and Early Life
He was Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Husayn ibn Salih ibn Husayn ibn Abd Allah ibn Ibrahim, of the Aba al-Khayl family from the Masalikh branch of the Anazah tribe . His family line shared a common ancestor with the Aba al-Khayl of Unayzah through Ibrahim, while connecting closely to the former Al Muhanna rulers of Buraydah through Salih ibn Husayn .
He was born in the village of al-Muraydisiyyah near Buraydah in 1308 AH (another report gives 1310 AH) . Raised in a religious and scholarly household, he first attended the local village school (kuttab) to learn reading and writing, then began his initial religious studies under his father, Abd Allah ibn Husayn, who was a respected local scholar .
Education and Judicial Career
Al Husayn later moved to Buraydah to pursue advanced religious education . He studied Arabic grammar under Isa al-Mallahi, and took instruction in theology (tawhid) and Hanbali jurisprudence (fiqh) under the scholars Abd Allah ibn Salim and Umar ibn Salim until he attained proficiency in legal sciences .
In Shawwal 1360 AH, he was appointed judge of the town of Unayzah . His tenure in the judiciary was brief due to disagreements between him and the local leadership and notables of the town, leading to his resignation and return to Buraydah on 15 Sha'ban 1361 AH . During his time in Unayzah, he was noted for holding scholarly and historical discussions that local students attended .
Scholarly Standing and Death
Al Husayn was regarded as an ascetic and pious Hanbali jurist . His major contribution to Hanbali literature was al-Zawaid ala Zad al-Mustaqni (also titled al-Zawaid fi Fiqh Imam al-Sunnah Ahmad ibn Hanbal al-Shaybani), an integrated four-part work that compiled the base text of al-Hajjawi's Zad al-Mustaqni, explanatory glosses on it, supplementary rulings (zawa'id) drawn from broader Hanbali references, and accompanying legal commentary with scriptural evidence .
Al Husayn funded the first two-volume printing of the work himself and distributed it without charge, approximately one month before his death in 1381 AH (1961 CE) .
Answer updated
List of Works
Sharh Zad al-Mustaqni ma al-Zawa'id alayh (Commentary on Zad al-Mustaqni with its Additions) is a four-part Hanbali jurisprudential work that combines a commentary on al-Hajjawi's Zad al-Mustaqni with supplementary legal rulings and their explanations. It covers acts of worship, commercial and civil transactions, and ethical conduct, systematically pairing legal rulings with their underlying textual evidences from the Quran, the Sunnah, and early authorities.
al-Zawaid ala Zad al-Mustaqni, also titled al-Zawaid fi Fiqh Imam al-Sunnah Ahmad ibn Hanbal al-Shaybani, is a work of Hanbali jurisprudence designed to serve as an intermediate bridge between the concise Zad al-Mustaqni and the more extensive al-Iqna. The book presents an integrated four-part layout consisting of the base text of Zad al-Mustaqni, explanatory glosses, supplementary legal rulings drawn primarily from al-Iqna and other references, and accompanying commentary detailing scriptural evidence and legal opinions.